Member States and the Commission should, where necessary, raise awareness among the academic and research community and provide them with tailored guidance to address those distinct challenges. In particular, academic and research institutions face distinct challenges in export control due to, inter alia, their general commitment to the free exchange of ideas, the fact that their research work often involves cutting edge technologies, their organisational structures and the international nature of their scientific exchanges. It is essential that all such persons are aware of the risks associated with the export and the provision of technical assistance regarding sensitive items. However, it cannot be denied that the contents of the volume must appear unbalanced and heterogeneous, yet it should not be perceived as a mere juxtaposition of particular and unrelated cases.Various categories of persons can be involved in the export of dual-use items, including natural persons such as service providers, researchers, consultants and persons transmitting dual-use items electronically. The resulting quantity of research and discussion fully justifies this disproportion. Electroreception has aroused enormous interest among physiologists in specialties ranging from molecular biology to animal behavior. The first three classes of receptors mentioned above thus rate only one chapter each, whereas five chapters are devoted to the electroreceptors. the various kinds of electroreceptors found in several marine and freshwater fish families (Chapters 2 to 6). the infrared-sensitive pit organs of some snake families (Chapter 9) 4. the pseudobranchial organs of some teleosts, equipped with pressoreceptors and at least three other types of receptors (osmo- and chemoreceptors) (Chapter 8) 3. the directionally sensitive lateral-line mechanoreceptors of fishes and amphi bians (Chapter 7) 2.

One might even say that the only thing they have in common is that they belong to cold-blooded vertebrates. The four classes of sensory organs considered here differ widely from one another in many respects. These receptors have only recently been identified and their functional specificity is in some cases still a matter for discussion.

The originality of this volume is to reveal to the reader the fascination of some unfamiliar sensory organs that are sometimes ignored and often misunderstood.

Cinema 4d random effector regular pulse